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Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis

O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff (1964)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Malpighiales Family: Euphorbiaceae Genus: Euphorbia

‘akoko [akoko]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs or small trees (0.4–)1–8(–9) m tall.

Stems: Stems prostrate to erect, pubescent, flowering branches often nodose, 1–4(–6) mm in diameter.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite, distichous. Blades oblong, obovate, or oblanceolate to elliptic or linear, (4–)10–70(–80) mm long, (3–)5–30(–40) mm wide. Apex acute to obtuse, retuse or mucronulate. Base cuneate to obtuse, oblique. Upper surfaces glabrous; lower surfaces glabrous to pilose or villous;, glaucous. Margins entire. Petioles (0.5–)1–5(–6) mm long, glabrous to villous. Stipules acute to rounded–triangular, 1–4(–6) mm long, glabrous to villous, erose, ciliate.

Flowers: Flowers in cyathia in short or open branched cymes or solitary in the leaf axils, peduncles (0.5–)2–10(–19) mm long, glabrous to villous. involucre campanulate, (1–)1.5–3 mm high, 2–4 mm wide, glabrous to villous, glands 4–5, green or red, glabrous to pilose. Flowers unisexual and highly reduced. Pistillate flowers solitary, on a gynophore; staminate flowers in 5 groups or cymules, each with 1 to several flowers. Calyx (sepals) absent. Corolla (petals) absent. Male flower reduced to a single stamen, with an articulation at junction of pedicel and filament, subtended by slender bracteoles. Ovary superior; styles yellow, green, or red, bifid less than ½ to more than ½ their length, 0.5–1(–1.5) mm long, glabrous to pubescent; stigma thickened.

Fruit: Capsules green to brown; ovoid to rounded–triangular; (0.5–)2–4 mm long; glabrous to pubescent; gynophores erect; exserted 0.5–1 mm from involucre; glabrous to pubescent. Seeds brown to gray; (0.5–)1–2(–2.5) mm long; tetragonal to obcompressed; smooth to rugose.

Ploidy: 2n = ca. 38*

Habitat: Coastal vegetation and mesic forest.

Elevation Range: 0–1,800 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Lana'i Endemic
Maui Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 23(7): 122 (1964)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:606 (L, EM [as Chamaesyce celastroides var. laehiensis]); Govaerts et al. 2000:692 (NOM:Syn. C. celastroides var. laehiensis = Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis); Steinmann & Porter 2002/Yang & Berry 2011 (molecular support for nesting of Chamaesyce within Euphorbia)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff w maui, lower slopes of lihau peak xeric pili grass, aalii, nehe PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 877 Maui BISH 9/12/1980
2 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff limestone point PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 94 Lanai BISH 12/13/1913
3 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff waiwaehi jeep road woods PRESERVED_SPECIMEN perlman, s.p. montgomery, s. collector number: 6407 Oahu BISH 9/2/1987
4 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff kaumalapau highway, koele/keomuku trail, along lower, n lanai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN spence, g. collector number: 308 Lanai BISH 10/18/1973
5 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff East Maui, Waiopai Bridge, mauka side of the road On rocks, with Jacquemontia ovalifolia var sandwicensis, Nicotiana glauca, Digitaria, Prosopis. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN James, S.A. Puttock, C.; Crago, L. Collector Number: B325 Maui BISH 3/3/2004
6 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff limestone point PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 255 Maui BISH 12/13/1913
7 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff lae hi (=whitestone), along keomuku coastline Coral plain by coast. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 1974 Lanai BISH 2/20/1984
8 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff mahana, ulakolea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN munro, g.c. collector number: 705 Lanai BISH 9/1/1925
9 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff Keomuku road. Lowland dry shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 337 Lanai PTBG 5/15/1990
10 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff Waiwaehi jeep road in red cinder near road. Dodonaea viscosa lowland dry shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 6407 Lanai PTBG 9/1/2002
11 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff paomai, paopao point On sand dunes.Prostrate, mat forming branches very fragile, leaves glaucous green especially beneath. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. hosaka, e.y. collector number: 18832 Lanai BISH 4/13/1938
12 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff kuahua gulch, near windy, dry, clay PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. degener, i. collector number: 28746 Lanai BISH 1/22/1964
13 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff keomuku highway, along Arid, rocky plain with Sida, Argemone, Heteropogon. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. degener, i. collector number: 28369 Lanai BISH 7/17/1963
14 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff on road to shipwreck beach, ne coast of lanai with Gossypium, Erythrina, Rauwolfia, Sida, Nesoluma, Myoporum; eroded red soil, dry forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN carlquist, s. collector number: 2023 Lanai BISH 7/17/1966
15 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff w maui, lahaina district, lihau With Clermontia sp., Lycopodium, & Carex alligata. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN welton, p. collector number: 1391 Maui BISH 11/27/1991
16 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff near halulu gulch On arid plain. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. degener, i.; desha, e.; hobdy, r.w. collector number: 24165 Lanai BISH 8/20/1957
17 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff east maui, 14.6 mi. e of ulupalakua ranch on hwy 31, 1.7 mi e of manawainui rocky cliff and slope, with Cenchrus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. mill, s.w. collector number: 4753 Maui BISH 1/14/1983
18 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff limestone point Slopes above beach. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN munro, g.c. collector number: 413 Oahu BISH 4/24/1929
19 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff paomai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. leehman, e. collector number: 6 Lanai BISH 1/15/1956
20 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff lae hi, lanai, alt. 100 feet Only on calcerous, rounded slope PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & i. degener 28760 A 1/26/1964
21 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff Lanai - Lae Hi, Lanai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. & I. Degener G 1/26/1964
22 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff lai hi point, lanai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o.; i. degener 28375 NCU 7/31/1963
23 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff lae hi, lanai Only on calcareous, rounded slope PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 28760 NY 6/26/1964
24 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff only on calcareous rounded slope dark forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN otto degener|isa degener degener 28760 PH 1/26/1964
25 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff along kaumalapuu hwy, koele/keomuku trail, n lanai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN g. spence 308 Lanai US 10/18/1973
26 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff Lae Hi. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Degener, I. 28760 Lanai US 1/26/1964
27 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff near halulu gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener, i. degener, e. desha & r. hobdy 24165 Lanai US 8/20/1957
28 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff lae hi. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & i. degener 28760 Lanai US 1/26/1964
29 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff Near Halulu Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Degener, I.; Desha, E. J.; Hobdy, R. 24165 Lanai US 8/20/1957
30 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff Along Kaumalapuu Hwy, Koele/Keomuku Trail, N Lanai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Spence, G. 308 Lanai US 10/18/1973
31 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff maunalei dry, rocky pasture PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hosaka, e.y. collector number: 1967 Lanai BISH 4/14/1938
32 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff lae hi point PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. degener, i. collector number: 28375 Kauai BISH 7/31/1963
33 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff poaiwa, lanai arid, red earth, windy, rocky, hill PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. degener, i. collector number: 28373 Lanai BISH 8/9/1963
34 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff Lae Hi Only on calcareous, rounded slope PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 28760 Lanai BISH 1/26/1964
35 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff keomuku road, along PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 1980 Lanai BISH 2/20/1984
36 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff lae hi, lanai from 5000 ft PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o.; i. degener 28760 VT 1/26/1964
37 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff lae hi Only on calcareous, rounded slope PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. degener, i. collector number: 28760 Lanai BISH 1/26/1964
38 Euphorbia celastroides var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff east maui, waiopai bridge, mauka side of the road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN james, s.a. puttock, c.; crago, l. collector number: b325 Oahu BISH 3/3/2004
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